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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) colleges and universities are important positions for inheriting and innovating the TCM culture. Exploring the innovation of teaching modes of ideological and political courses in TCM colleges and universities is a hot topic in current researches on education and teaching reform. There are some problems in the characteristic construction of ideological and political courses in TCM colleges and universities, such as insufficient effective integration of TCM culture, incomplete integrated design, and lack of supervision and evaluation system. In practical exploration, the "11432" teaching mode of ideological and political course based on the cultural characteristics of TCM has been formed. It is guided by "two major goals" and "three requirements", and organically integrates the TCM culture into the teaching of ideological and political course according to the principle of gradual progress. It takes the "Four Adherences" as its practice practical focus, and strives to create a "student-centered" classroom teaching mode. What’s more, it focuses on promoting the organic integration of TCM culture and ideological and political courses from the "five dimensions" in accordance with the fundamental task of "fostering virtue through education" and the requirements for talent training in TCM colleges and universities.
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The foundation of the university lies in the cultivation of virtue and people. The construction of the ideological and political work system in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) colleges and universities embodies the Marxist on the theory of all-sided development of human beings, the concept and practical requirements of "three-wide education", and the special laws of the ideological and political work in TCM colleges and universities. It is the realistic need to carry out the strategy of cultivating good quality, to innovate and develop the system of ideological and political work, and to improve the quality of TCM personnel training. TCM Colleges and universities should dig deeply into the ideological and political elements of TCM resources, integrate "virtue establishment and people cultivation" into the whole process of talent training, actively explore new ideas, new ways and new methods of constructing the ideological and political work system of TCM colleges and universities, and strive to cultivate high-quality TCM talents who shoulder the task of national rejuvenation.
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To investigate changes in the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin (1-7) [Ang (1-7)] and to explore the role of ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas receptor axis in hypertension with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF). Methods: A total of 70 patients with primary hypertension and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF>50%) were recruited and patients were divided into a hypertension group (HBP) and a heart failure with preserved ejection fraction group (HFpEF) according to the diagnostic criteria of HFpEF. Thirty-five healthy participants were selected randomly as a control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) method was used to detect concentration of Ang (1-7), ACE2, angiotensin II (Ang II), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in plasma. Male Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats was randomly divided into 2 groups: An HFpEF group (n=16) and a sham group (n=8). Rats (n=8) in the AAC group were given Ang (1-7) [0.5 mg/(kg.d), intraperitoneally] for 6 weeks, and the rest were given equal dose normal saline. Then all the rats were killed, and the hearts were taken out for hematoxylineosin (HE) staining. The protein expressions of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, and Mas receptor were detected by Western blot. Results: The BNP and Ang II were significantly increased in the HBP group and the HFpEF group compared with the control group (P0.05), whereas those levels were significantly increased in the HFpEF group compared with the HBP group and control group (P0.05). Conclusion: ACE2 and Ang (1-7) are important predictive factors for the severity of heart failure and myocardial remodeling of HFpEF with hypertension; ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas receptor axis may play a protective role in preventing myocardial remodeling in HFpEF with hypertension.
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Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Angiotensin I , Physiology , Angiotensin II , Atrial Remodeling , Physiology , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Heart Failure , Metabolism , Hypertension , Metabolism , Peptide Fragments , Physiology , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A , Physiology , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled , Physiology , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function, Left , Physiology , Ventricular Remodeling , PhysiologyABSTRACT
This study was aimed to explore the immediate effect mechanism of the middle 2/5 of the vertex-temporal anterior oblique line in the treatment of stroke by scalp acupuncture using event-related brain potential (ERP).A total of 30 stroke cases who met the inclusion criteria and 25 healthy subjects were selected.Patients in both groups were treated by scalp acupuncture,with stimulation on the middle 2/5 of the vertex-temporal anterior oblique line on the right side.ERP was detected before acupuncture and 10 min after acupuncture in both groups.The muscle strength and neurological deficit score of the stroke group were also detected.At the end of the experiment,the movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) of both the left and right hand were extracted from the ERP.The results showed that after 10 min scalp acupuncture stimulation,the neurological deficit score of the stroke group was lower than that of the pretreatment (P ＜ 0.05);the muscle strength rating was higher than before (P ＜ 0.05).Before and after acupuncture,the amplitude of MRCPs on the diseased side of the stroke group was significantly decreased compared to before (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that the immediate effect of scalp acupuncture treatment of hemiplegia patients with stroke was definite.Its mechanism may be that acupuncture stimulates the motor cortex through the vertex-temporal anterior oblique line,reduces the energy loss of brain motion planning,activates the damaged brain movement related area cortex neurons,improves the processing efficiency of movement in the brain,so as to promote the improvement of hemiplegic limb motor function immediately.And we also observed that the healthy side brain has a compensatory effect,which suggested that in our clinical scalp acupuncture,bilateral stimulation may be more effective.
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This paper reviewed recent advances in clinical and basic researches of scalp acupuncture based on evoked potentials (EPs).The role and significance of various EPs in scalp acupuncture were analyzed and compared.Eventrelated potentials (ERPs) which occupied leading position in EPs application nowadays and the latest advances in the related components of its action were combined to make a prospect of the scientific research methods of scalp acupuncture in the treatment of cerebral apoplexy and other diseases.
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The outcome of spinal cord injury is related to many factors, such as mechanism and severity of injury, and differences of individual. The standard of clinical trial plays a very important role in the reliability of the research. especially the inclusion and exclusion criterias, ethical issues, treatment standardization, informed consent and other issues. The effect of these factors on the clinical trial of spinal cord injury was summarized in this article. The inclusion and exclusion criterias to control the consistency should be developed based on the specific research content. Informed consent for clinical trial is also necessary, especially to the clinical trials with uncertainly benefits and risks, as well as the standardization of the operation procedures and rehabilitation treatment.
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Most of the individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) have nutritional problems in metabolism in energy, glucose, fat and vitamin after injury, which would influence the quality of life. Nutrition intervention program includes personalized nutrition consultation, correcting the imbalance of energy and lipid, supply of creatine and vitamins associated with energy metabolism, monitoring, and health promotion, are helpful to reduce the risk of complications related with metabolism.
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Objective To analyze operation resection of craniopharyngioma operation experience,and to evaluation of therapeutic effect of operation.Methods Clinical data of 26 cases patient of craniopharyngioma treated by craniotomy from July 2008 to July 2013 in the Department of Neurosurgery of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for microsurgical operation resection were retrospectively analyzed.The main clinical manifestations, imaging features, the selection of operation treatment and operation approach, extent ofsection of tumor after operation, the occurrence of complications and follow up outcome were analyzed.Results Six cases with brain frontal botton+longitudinal fissure+brain endplate approach,4 cases with brain frontal botton approach, 5 cases with cerebral longitudinal fissure + callosum approach, 11 cases with pterion approach.Total removal was achieved in 19 cases, subtotal resection in 6 cases, most resection in 1 cases.Bilateral olfactory nerve in 22 cases of complete retention, unilateral olfactory nerve stretch mutilation in 4 cases,20 cases of pituitary stalk were identified, and 1 cases of anterior communicans anterior rupture give electrocoagulation cut.Enamel cell type in 23 cases, squamous epithehal cells type 3 cases.Postoperative diabetes insipidus 18 cases, electrolyte disturbances 16 cases, pituitary function decline 5 cases, secondary brain edema 2 cases, 1 case of postoperative epilepsy, 1 cases of death.The pursuit of total was diabetes insipidus factors(x2 =4.807, P =0.046), 5 cases of recurrence, 3 cases go again operztion treatment, 2 cases for the gamma knife treatment, the tumor recurrence rate of total removal lower subtotal resection and most resection (Z =-3.718 P=0.000).The tumor recurrence rate of puget tumor grade level 2 higher than puget tumor grade level 0 and puget tumor grade level 1 (Z =-3.124 P =0.000).The quality of life score (KPS) more than 70 points in 15 cases,60-70 points in 8 cases, ≤60 points in 2 cases.Conclusion Craniopharyngioma preferred operation treatment.Evaluation of preoperative imaging and operation approach is the key to successful operation.The correct operation of the surgery and treatment strategies, advantageous to resection tumor, effective prevention of postoperative complications.Postoperative residual tumor is the main cause of recurrence of craniopharyngioma.Recurrence of craniopharyngioma treatment should individualized therapy after weigh the advantages and disadvantages.
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Objective To study the correlation between microvessel density (MVD),isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation and the malignancy of glioma,and its clinic significance.Methods The data and specimens of 40 patients with gliomas confirmed by surgery and pathology were collected.The relation between IDH1 mutation (detected by genetic sequence),MVD (detected by immunohistochemical coloration) and the malignancy of glioma was explored.5 cases of normal human brain tissues were used for comparative study.Results In normal brain tissue,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ glioma,MVD counts were 8.12±1.64,25.10±1.27,27.00±1.98,42.80±10.75 and 56.50±5.23,respectively,and the overall difference was statistically significant (H =35.42,P ＜ 0.05).The MVD counts in low-grade glioma (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and high-grade glioma (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) were 23.94±8.03 and 45.54±8.19,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-8.369,P ＜ 0.001).No mutation was found in normal human brain tissue,while in 20 cases of glioma specimens,there was IDH1 mutation with R132 as the mutation site and a MVD count of 31.11±13.47,and the other 20 cases of glioma specimens experienced no IDH1 mutation and the corresponding MVD count was 40.54±12.11.The difference of MVD counts of low-grade glioma and high-grade glioma was statistically significant (t =2.328,P=0.025).Conclusion MVD can be used as one of the histopathological grading metrics for glioma.IDH1 mutation occurs more frequently in grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ gliomas with R132 as the mutation site.
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@#The bone mineral density (BMD) significantly reduced after complete spinal cord injury, which seriously influence the bone health. This article reviewed the influence of spinal cord injury on bone health, diagnosis and measurement of the BMD, management for bone health.
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Objective To explore the correlation of peritumoral brain edema( PTBE)size,histologi-cal grades and the expression rate of Ki-67 in gliomas. Methods The data and specimens about 74 cases of gliomas in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during 2010-2013 were collected. All cases were confirmed by surgery and pathology. According to preoperative MRI,PTBE was graded. Immunohisto-chemical discriminate the expression of Ki-67. HE coloration distinguish the histological grades. Results In this study,90. 54%(67/74)patients occured PTBE,the incidence of PTBE inⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳlevel of groups were 100%(3/3),78. 95%(15/19),83. 33%(15/18),100%(34/34). Ki-67 expression was positive in 75. 68%(56/74)patients,and the rates were 0,36. 84%(7/19),94. 44%(17/18),94. 12%(32/34) in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ level of groups. The expression rate of Ki-67 was 57. 14%(4/7),60. 00%(6/10),and 80. 70%(46/57)in normal group,Ⅰ-level groups of PTBE,Ⅱ-level groups of PTBE. The result of Kruskal-Wallis H showed that the PTBE from different grades was statistically significant(H=11. 304,P=0. 010). The expression rate of Ki-67 in different grade gliomas was statistically significant(H=38. 530,P﹤0. 05), The difference of expression Ki-67 in gliomas of different PTBE was statistically significant( H=6. 478,P=0. 039). The result of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the PTBE level increased with the histo-logical grade up in gliomas(r=0. 385,P=0. 001). The expression rate of Ki-67 increased with the histologi-cal grade up in gliomas(r=0. 692,P﹤0. 05),and the expression rate of Ki-67 increased with the degree of PTBE up in glomas( r =0. 256,P =0. 028 ). Conclusion Accorrding to the PTBE size,the histological grades and proliferation ability of glioma can be judged pre-operation. Ki-67 can be used as the indicator of pro-liferation activity of tumor,and also be used as the important basis of histological grades.
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The bone mineral density (BMD) significantly reduced after complete spinal cord injury, which seriously influence the bone health. This article reviewed the influence of spinal cord injury on bone health, diagnosis and measurement of the BMD, management for bone health.
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@#Spinal cord injury has changed the function of human body and the way of life, and reduced the reserve capacity of the organs of various systems, which exceeded the body's repair ability itself, and overlapped with physiological aging and premature senescence appeared. This paper reviewed recent studies and analyzed the relation of the injured age, the chronological age, number of years after injury with dysfunction, predicted the function changes of them, and identified the factors related with their quality of life.
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BACKGROUND:Rehabilitation outcomes of patients with spinal cord injury are associated with degree of injury, therapeutic method, recovery time and subsequent treatment. Multidisciplinary, comprehensive, specialized rehabilitation unit can provide a better recovery after spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To review the effect or combined effect of rehabilitation units after spinal cord injury. METHODS:A computer-based search of Springer and PubMed databases was done using the keywords of“spinal cord injury, rehabilitation practice, outcomes”, which appeared in the title and abstract. Final y, 44 English papers were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Based on practical evidence, various rehabilitation practices are recognized, and then, the relevant information is connected with the outcomes to evaluate the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions. Studies have shown that age had no influence on rehabilitation outcomes in traumatic and non-traumatic mixed samples, and there is also little difference in the rehabilitation outcomes between male and female. Incidence of complications is lowest in the vast majority of patients with spinal cord injury who are initial y admitted to a specialist center of spinal cord injury. The hospital stay can be shorten in patients who can be admitted to a multidisciplinary, comprehensive, specialized division of spinal cord injury as early as possible. Patients who can receive regular, comprehensive outpatient fol ow-up show no significant differences in health perception, independence and depression, but the frequency and degree of certain secondary situations can be significantly reduced.
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Spinal cord injury has changed the function of human body and the way of life, and reduced the reserve capacity of the or-gans of various systems, which exceeded the body's repair ability itself, and overlapped with physiological aging and premature senescence appeared. This paper reviewed recent studies and analyzed the relation of the injured age, the chronological age, number of years after injury with dysfunction, predicted the function changes of them, and identified the factors related with their quality of life.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT) manifestations and functions in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). @*METHOD@#The diagnosis of 1 case of double parathyroid adenomas secondary to pPTH was reported and the related literature was reviewed. @*RESULTS@#PET-CT showed two nodus shadow with slightly lower density compared with muscle, clear boundary and uniform density. Simultaneously, images also showed multiple enhanced FDG uptake of bone lesions in skeletal system. The maximum standard uptake values for ¹⁸F-FDG in the destructive bone lesions were more than 10. @*CONCLUSION@#¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT is a well-established imaging technique for the diagnosis in pHPT. It not only can clearly visualize systemic lesions and accurately assess the extent of the disease, but also can accurately localize parathyroid adenoma. After resection of parathyroid adenoma, FDG PET-CT imaging can be useful to see the response to treatment and osteoblastic changes in brown tumor.
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Humans , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary , Diagnosis , Positron-Emission Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Objective To investigate therapy effect and its clinical complications of the clavicular hook plate internal fixation for the treatment of Type Neer Ⅱ distal clavicle fracture and tossy Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation.Methods Twenty-two patients of Neer Ⅱ distal clavicle fracture and 16 patients of Tossy Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation were selected as our subjects.All patients were hospitalized and treated by using clavicular hook plate fixation form August 2007 to Februay 2012.The clinical effect and complications were analyzed retrospectively.Results All patients were showed the primary healing in terms of incision.Of all patients,30 cases were being following up,and follow-up periods was 6.0 to 18.0 months (average of (10.45 ±3.78) months).All patients underwent implant removal surgery at postoperative 6-14 months.No refracture or acromioclavicular joint separation again occurred.Four patients were with complications,of which,2 patients were clavicular hook plate decoupling at 7 days or 3 weeks after operation; One patient occurred clavicle stress fracture at more than 3 months after operation.All mentioned 3 cases were treated with re-operation.1 patient was with shoulder abnormal sound after operation and abnormal sound disappear after internal fixation removed.The shoulder functions were evaluated according to University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) score system at before and after clavicular hook plate was taken out.The scores of pain and function of the shoulder,forward lateral flexion range were significant difference between before and after clavicular hook plate removed ((7.90 ±1.20) vs.(9.20±1.03),t =-2.327,P=0.045;(8.00±0.94) vs.(9.40 ±0.97),t=-3.280,P=0.001 ; (4.00 ±0.47) vs.(4.70 ± 0.48),t =-4.583,P =0.001).After the hook plate was removed,all shoulder functions showed improvement.The overall efficacy was excellent in 15 cases,good in 13 cases,and poor in 2 cases,and the recovery of excellent and good rate were 93.33％.Conclusion The clinical efficacy is well in terms of using clavicular hook plate internal fixation to treat Type Neer Ⅱ distal clavicle fracture and Tossy Ⅲ acromioclavicular joint dislocation.Prevention and treatment of complications should paid more attention.
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Cerebral ischemia is one of the most common diseases treated by acupuncture therapeutics. Recent studies indicated that acupuncture treatment by needling the conception and governor vessels had positive effects in promoting neural regeneration in patients after cerebral ischemia injury. Acupuncture intervention could continuously promote the proliferation and differentiation of the neural stem cells in the brain, obviously up-regulate expression of growth factors, accelerate angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis. Hence, it is necessary to present an exhaustive review on the mechanisms. The present review gives a detailed description of pathological changes of cerebral ischemia and acupuncture intervention applied to the conception and governor vessels, and proposes research prospects in the future.
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BACKGROUND: Animal experiments show that hormone can induce femoral capillaries poor filling, decrease capillaries density in unit area, and reduce capillaries in cancellous bone inferior to cartilage. However, the involved mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during the progress of glucocorticoid induced osteonecrosis.METHODS: The Chinese white rabbits were randomly divided into horse serum plus prednisone group and pradnisone alone group. Typical osteonecrosis model was established by Matsui Method. 10 mL/kg horse serum was injected into horse serum plusprednisone group through the ear margin veins, followed by additional injection after 2 weeks and intraparit0neal injection of prednisone, 45 mg/kg per day for 5 consecutive days. The control group was only subjected to prednisona, 45 mg/kg per day for 5 consecutive days. The VEGF expression was observed by means of reverse transcription polymerase chain react.ion (RT-PCR)before, 7, 14 days after administration, 1, 3, 7, 21, 35 and 49 days following the first application of hormone. The capillaries were quantified.RESULTS ANDCONCLUSION: The VEGF was significantly increased 7 days following horse serum, and gradually decreased to levels before treatment 1 days following hormone. The VEGF mRNA, expression decreased with increasing hormone treatment, in particular at 7 and 21 days (P ＜ 0.05), but cannot restore to normal level. Micrevascular count was decreased gradually, and at 21 days decreased to the minimum, positively correlated with VEGF expression. Results show that adrenal glucocorticoid inhibited VEGF expression in bone tissue and restrained angiogenesis, resulting in ischemia and hypoxia of the local environment in bone tissue. VEGF expression highly correlates with microvascular count and osteonecrosis degree.
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Objective To explore the clinical effect of the atlanto-axial pedicle screw internal fixation to reconstruct upper cervical spine instability. Methods Using atlanto-axial pedicle screw and internal fixation system combined with autogenous iliac bone graft to treat 21 patients with upper cervical spine instability. Type Ⅱ odontoid process old fracture was 13 patients, odontoid process nonunion was 5 patients, injury of the transverse ligament was 3 patients. They were placed in 84 atlanto-axial pedicle screws, autogenous bones were placed in the posterior arch of atlas and axis to fusion, so that atlanto-axial complex got stabilized. Results The left lateral cortical bone of atlas vertebral pedicle was broken by screws in 2 patients, but the spinal cord and vertebral artery was intact. X-ray film showed the atlas and the fracture of dens of axis was completely replaced in all patients. The position of screw and vertebral artery or spinal cord was good in CT image. According to JOA score standard, 15 cases of all were excellent, 3 cases were good,2 cases were common,1 case was bad, and the rate of excellent and good was 85.71%(18/21).Seventeen cases were followed up for 12-26 (12.83 ± 4.23) months, all patients had acquired bone fusion and found no screw and plate fracture. Conclusions Atlanto-axial pedicle screw combined with screw-plate system fixation to treat upper cervical spine instability, can significantly enhance the biomechanical stability of the atlanto-axial interbody, bone grafting fusion rate is higher, the application value of the atlanto-axialfusion is higher.